Optimal Planning and Operation of Multi-Frequency HVac Transmission Systems

Low-frequency high-voltage alternating-current (LF-HVac) transmission scheme has been recently proposed as an alternative solution to conventional 50/60-Hz HVac and direct-current (HVdc) schemes for bulk power transfer. This paper proposes optimal planning operation loss minimization in a multi-frequency system. In such system, LF-HVac grids are interconnected using back-to-back (BTB) converters. The dependence of system MW losses on converter dispatch well the operating voltage frequency is discussed compared with that HVdc transmission. Based results analysis, multi-objective optimization formulations both stages proposed. phase decides suitable level grid, while determines BTB converters, generators, shunt capacitors. A approach effectively handles variations line parameters rated grid solutions evaluated show significant reduction improved regulation during 24-hour simulation.